The company said the decision came following the unit's "updated strong positive outlook".
Sales of HIV treatments rose more than 40% in the first quarter.
The initial public offering (IPO) of ViiV could have been valued at up to £18bn, making it one of the biggest IPOs this decade.
In
a statement, the company said: "Having reviewed this very positive
outlook, GSK has concluded that retaining its full, existing holding in
ViiV Healthcare is in the best interests of the Group and GSK will not
now be initiating an IPO of a minority stake."
ViiV is a joint venture with US firm Pfizer and Japanese company Shiongi, with GSK owning about 80%.
GSK also reported first quarter sales of £5.6bn, in line with analysts' forecasts.
The
company also said it would cut the amount of money being returned to
shareholders following the deal it struck with Novartis last year.
Under
the deal, Novartis bought GSK's cancer drugs business, while GSK bought
Novartis' vaccines division. The two firms also combined their consumer
health units.
GSK had planned to return £4bn to shareholders
following the deal, but it now says it will return £1bn through a
special dividend paid in the fourth quarter.
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